walden journal :: essays research papers

Walden JournalAuthor Henry David ThoreauoD.O.B- 07/12/1817o time of Death- 05/06/1862Date of Publication 1854Literary Period RealismPlotoIn the first chapter its announced that Henry David Thoreau spent two years in Walden Pond, tightfitting concord, MassachusettsoIts devoted to discussing how people try to acquire wealth, but doesnt lead to happinessoHe wishs to enjoy nature, and explains that those who own a lot have to take care of things, but those who dont can do whatever they wantoDiscusses the energy that it took for him to build his house. destroyed in spring of 1845, moved in July 4thoBorrowed/salvaged building materials from other sites nearby. The land that he built his house belongs to Ralph Waldo EmersonoThoreau makes a loft field for extra money, occupying his mornings, Thoreau leaves the afternoon for reading, writing and his thoughtsoHe believes in being a minimalist, simplicity and solitude. Contrasts his life with those who are materialisticoThoreau ponders th e motive of technology because the Fitchburg Railroad passes Walden pond, and it interrupts his thoughts.oDiscusses his contact, Alex Therien, a Canadian Woodcutter who is grand and sincere in his character, though modest in intellectual attainments.oMakes constant trips to Concord for meeting his friends, and scattered business. Spends the night in jail on one of his trips. Refused to pay bail, because the govt approves slavery.oOften spends his time paying attention to nature, the changing of seasons, and creatures that share the woods with him. The idiot that he plays hide and go seek with for instance, becomes a symbol of the playfulness of nature and its divine laughter at world endeavors. Another example of animal symbolism is the full-fledged ant war that Thoreau stumbles upon, prompting him to meditate on human warfare. His observations of nature are not like a biologist/scientist, he doesnt observe them scientifically, but gives them a moral/philosophical view, as if the y could teach him something.o Starts to prepare for winter as it becomes fall. Listens to the rabbit, squirrel, and the fox, as they gather food. Thinks about how the ice will melt and come back to Walden Pond. Watches ice fisherman cut ice blocks and send them to larger cities.oFor the most part Thoreau is alone but receives visits from William Ellery Channing or Amos Bronson Alcott.oAs he becomes more knowledgeable about Walden Pond and neighboring ponds he wants to rate their depths, and map their layouts. Discovers that Walden Pond is no more than 100 ft.

the street racer :: essays research papers

THE STREET RACERToday is Chads first day of college and he deficiencys to become a mechanic. He also hopes to at long last become an owner of a shop. He has always enjoyed working on cars including his own. He likes the look of street racing cars and has always wanted to go down a race or be in one alone has never had the chance. For the last few years he had been working hard and relieve money and adding performance parts to his car. His mummy has been very sick lately but nothing has been in addition serious so he isnt too worried but he still thinks about her a lot. He is a very average student sometimes having problems when his mom gets sick but now that hes in college he wants to do well and succeed. Later in the year he gets a phone call.Hello.Good flush is this Chad?Yes who is this?This is Dr. Jones I am your mothers doctor.Is there something wrong?Im very sorry I have to tell you this but your mom is very sick and we are not sure if shes going to make much longer.Oh my god is there anything that I can do?The plainly thing that you can do right now is to come visit her and try to make her fell better and distract her from some of the pain.Chad stays soundless he doesnt know what to say.Are you still there?Yes I need to go.I am sorry sir good bye.ByeHe doesnt know what to do he wants to good in school so bad and get a good job, but he needs to go trip up his mom.The next day in school he dose nothing when hes in class he cant apply attention to anything the teacher is saying all he can think about is his mom. Yo Chad. Says his good friend Jeff.Chad.ChadOh sorry didnt hear you whats up.Whats wrong with you man youve been acting really strange today?Nothing.Tell me I know something is wrongNo I dont want to talk about this right now.Alright whatever I got to go to class ill talk to you later.Hey Chad Im going to class nowSorry see you later.The two of them walk away and Chad goes back to his dorm room to think about what hes going do. He decide s no matter how grave school is to him his mom is much more important. He drives for hours to get to the hospital hi mom is at.

How I Learned To Ski :: essays research papers

How I Learned To Ski     I Love to snow ski, to me it is the epitome of excitement. I first triedto ski when I was only about four years old. My father, who is a tremendousskier, thought he should teach his first male child just how to ski. Through practiceand time I have made my father a happy teacher. I owe all my ski familiarity tomy father who has spent hour upon hour teaching me the so called "tricks of thetrade". However, I have broken more than one bone learning what proves to be a truly intense and serious sport and you should not take the excitment for granted.     I got started when my dad entered a powder eight contest, thats whenyou and a partner go down the pile and make the number eight in the snow withyour skies, the team with the best looking eights win. As usually my father won,and that day was when he first taught me how to ski. He showed me how to snow-plow down a hill, that is your first buy the farm you learn u pon skiing, then he so everwillingly took me to the bunny hill and watched intently as if he remembers whenhe was that age and how strange and awkward he felt with those clumsy skis andbig boots. That day was so hot however yet the snow remained and kept falling fromthe ski. Then my father showed me the basic techniques he acquired whilelearning how to ski, you see there is no standard behavior to ski everyone has tofind their own style of skiing or snowboarding . As you can find out this sportis not something you do good at right away, it takes time and practice to becomegood.     When I got older we would go to bigger mountains in Colorado where helives, we would spend all day skiing down difficult runs called double diamonds,that is the hardest run on the slopes. At first it was hard for me to keep upwith my fathers tremendous speed and coordination he could really move down amountain, for an amateur skier he was a real pro to me, I would try and copy hissty le for it was one that I learned very well. When I was able to find the stylethat best suited me I was amazed at how fast I had learned to ski, know when myfather and I went down the mountain he was the one who had to keep up with me

Sleepy Hollow:Heads Will Roll Essay -- Art

Sleepy HollowHeads Will RollHave you ever hear of The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow? Its a wonderful story, written by Washington Irving in 1819. It was then made into a pic authorise Sleepy Hollow by the gothic film maker Tim Burton in 1999. Basically, it tells the story of a constable named Ichabod Crane sent to a small Dutch community called Sleepy Hollow in the state of New York to investigate the deaths of many people found with their heads cut off. The locals say that the murders have been committed by the legendary Headless Horseman and Ichabod does not believe this, but with the help of the fair Katrina Van Tassel, the daughter of the towns richest man, and the young son of mavin of the victims, young Masbath, he finds out indeed that a horseman was the key to the murders, but that he was controlled by a person of flesh and blood that have his skull, Katrinas evil stepmother She killed everyone that made her family suffer in the past to avenge herself and she also assassinated everyone that stood in her path to steal the richest man in towns fortune her husband. So Ichabod then recuperates the skull, gives it back to the horseman who then takes Katrinas mother into his bloody grave with him. The story takes place in 1799, and the movie represents that time very well. For example, when they write, they use a feather and some ink instead of a pen. Also, there are no cars in the movie, only horses are used. Another thing that is representative of the e...

Pathogens :: essays research papers fc

Emerging Waterborne Pathogens In todays food preparation world water supplyborne pathogens are becoming a literal threat. Why? Simply because in todays culture people are quick to blame the food industry for most cases of disintary or new(prenominal) ill effects caused by bacteria. In this paper several things will be discussed. To understand what Im trying to say, you must understand a few key hurt. First lets define waterborne pathogen. A waterborne pathogen is a micro-organism whose ability to cause disease has recently been set. Now that you know what a waterborne pathogen is lets name a few. 1. Bacteria in the form of, Arcobacter Butzleri Helicobacter Pylori And E. Coli 2. Viruses Rotaviruses and Adenoviruses Type 40 and 41 3. Protozoa Acanthamoeba. Each of these possible pathogens has been identified but agree to the WRcs Final Report to the department of the Environment on Waterborne Pathogens, it is still possible that several unidentified pathogens may be at extensiv e and dangerous. In order to understand how these pathogens work, and how to destroy them we must understand several of the parts that make them up. Some of these parts are Morphology Biochemical Characteristics undercover work Methods Cultural characteristics Health Effects Routes of Transmission Occurrence in Water Sources Sources of Exposure and Susceptibility to removal or inactivation by conventional water treatment processes. Each of these parts is used in todays world to identify and destroy existing, and new pathogens. What happens if some superstar ingests a pathogen before it is identified? Well that is one reason that the Department of the Environment is so concerned. Due to current environmental status new pathogens are appearing semi-daily, and consequently elicit those who are working to stop them. One major example of this is Legionella. Legionella is unique in the fact that 42 strains have been identified, and yet only one is within our ability to control. So obvio usly there is a major shortage of knowledge on pathogens, and how to control them. According to the WRCs report to the Department of the Enviroment The threat which is posed by an organism to contaminate water supplies and cause outbreaks always exists, and furthermore they state that The threat which is posed by an organism, in terms of its occurrence and distribution in water sources and the ability to remove it is often poorly understood and or completely unknown. Does this alarm anyone else? Just the thought that our regime admits that there are diseases out there that we have no ability to control is alarming.

Pathogens :: essays research papers fc

Emerging Waterborne Pathogens In todays food preparation world mobile pathogens be becoming a real little terror. wherefore? Simply because in todays culture people are quick to blame the food industry for most cases of disintary or other airsick effects caused by bacteria. In this paper several things will be discussed. To understand what Im trying to say, you must understand a a few(prenominal) key terms. First lets define waterborne pathogen. A waterborne pathogen is a micro-organism whose ability to cause disease has recently been identified. Now that you know what a waterborne pathogen is lets name a few. 1. Bacteria in the form of, Arcobacter Butzleri Helicobacter Pylori And E. Coli 2. Viruses Rotaviruses and Adenoviruses Type 40 and 41 3. Protozoa Acanthamoeba. Each of these possible pathogens has been identified but according to the WRcs Final Report to the Department of the Environment on Waterborne Pathogens, it is still possible that several unidentified pathogens ma y be at large and dangerous. In order to understand how these pathogens work, and how to destroy them we must understand several of the parts that make them up. Some of these parts are Morphology Biochemical Characteristics Detection Methods ethnic characteristics Health Effects Routes of Transmission Occurrence in Water Sources Sources of Exposure and Susceptibility to removal or inactivation by conventional water interposition processes. Each of these parts is used in todays world to identify and destroy existing, and new pathogens. What happens if someone ingests a pathogen before it is identified? wholesome that is one reason that the Department of the Environment is so concerned. Due to current environmental status new pathogens are appearing semi-daily, and consequently overwhelming those who are working to stop them. One major example of this is Legionella. Legionella is unique in the fact that 42 strains have been identified, and yet only one is at heart our ability to c ontrol. So obviously in that respect is a major shortage of knowledge on pathogens, and how to control them. According to the WRCs report to the Department of the Enviroment The threat which is posed by an organism to contaminate water supplies and cause outbreaks always exists, and furthermore they state that The threat which is posed by an organism, in terms of its accompaniment and distribution in water sources and the ability to remove it is often poorly understood and or completely unknown. Does this alarm anyone else? Just the thought that our government admits that there are diseases out there that we have no ability to control is alarming.

A Case Study of the Glass Bangle Industry

The frosting manufacturing industry in Ferozabad, Uttar Pradesh, produces bangles, utensils, bulbs, decorative articles etc. The glass industry has been classified as hazardous and the booking of pip-squeak labour ( nestlingren below age 14 years) in it is prohibited. However, acquirable research and literature indicated that child labour was concentrated mainly in the intersection of glass bangles. At the time of the present study over 50,000 children were gener onlyy believed to be engaged in the hazardous glass bangle industry of Ferozabad.The bidding of manufacture of glass bangles is broken down into six separate stages and each stage is done by a separate specialized enterprise. At the commencement ceremony stage, the spring bangles be produced at a glass factory and it involves work at the furnace and handling, coloring, and shaping the break up glass into a spring form or rings. The subsequent processes like straightening, linking up the edges of the glass spirals, j oining the edges, hardening them, acrid designs into them and coloring the bangles are done in separate stages by small promiscuous sector enterprises using different tools like kerosene lamps, abrasive wheel, mud oven, and chemical colors for each of the processes.Unlike glass factories, these small informal sector enterprises are not registered and difficult to observe as they are often located inside households and in small alleys. Moreover, the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986 does not guarantee the informal sector.OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGYThe study aimed to document the extent of child labour, types of activities in which children are engaged, employment conditions , and the make up implications of eliminating child labour. Data collection involved an enterprise survey. As the production process for glass bangles involves a number of different and distinct stages, enterprises were chosen from individual stages of production to ensure a representative s election. In all 268 enterprises with 4100 histrions and approximately 1000 child labourers were covered.Anticipating that the information furnished by the employers on child labour and the number of children engaged may be misleading or grossly understated, field investigators were trained to distinguish children from adults through observation. As this was still difficult to do for children in the 12-16 age group, investigators were allowed to record their observation in any of the three categories definitely adult, definitely child, or probably child. The category of probably child was used when an investigator could not locate if a worker was a child.KEY FINDINGSThe make sense number of child labourers employed in the glass bangle industry was estimated on the basis of the number of children employed in different stages of production. Of the approximately 60,000 workers in the glass bangle industry, 9,40011,000 are children constituting about 16 to 19 percent of the workfor ce in this industry. Employment of children was limitmostly to unskilled jobs like carrying and sorting in the glass factories. Within the stages of production where several different activities are performed, children do the least skilled of these activities (see table). In other words, children do not have unique or irreplaceable skills and are therefore not necessary for the glass bangles industry.The daily productivity per worker is between 12 to 32 tora (312 or 13 double xii) bangles per day for different production stages. Children are commonly said by employers to work long-play and take longer hours to achieve the akin output as their adult counterparts. Each enterprise is paid on a piece rate basis. The charter payment system has a very strict control of the output.Teams of workers must achieve a prescribed minimum level of output in found to be given the agreed daily payment, and it often takes more than eight hours to achieve this minimum acceptable output. Since ch ildren are said to work slower than adults, they largely need to work longer hours than Working conditions & Health hazards adults in show to achieve the same output and therefore As carriers the same daily income. carrying molten glass from the furnace to the Working spaces are small and cramped. Burns and respiratory problems are common occupational health hazards (see box). Several young males and adults were observed without the thumb or forefinger. Tuberculosis is a very common health problem in Ferozabad.Payments to child labourers are estimated to account for only about 15 percent of the total labour cost and so about 4 to 7 percent of the cost of producing a glass bangle. shaper or loom maker, constant ikon to the heat, sound and pollution. Straightening work in closed rooms, no cross ventilation and are continuously exposed to smoke emitted from dozens of kerosene lamps. Joining and cutting long hours of sitting in one posture, risk of cramps continuous exposure to smoke from thekerosene lamps.Colouring high toxic effect of chemical-establish colour, handled with bare hands colours stick to the fingers and palms and are difficult to remove. The increase in the cost of production of one dozen bangles (as most consumers buy bangles by the Hardening dozen) as a result of elimination of child labour was working around a small furnace and hot trays calculated in three different ways based on three burns are common. different assumptions.If a sufficientnumber of adult workers from the large labour reserve in India are available and willing to work at the present, market determined wage rate , there would be no cost effect, as adults would replace children at the same piece rate payment. Assumptions 2 and 3 presuppose that adult workers would need to be paid a higher wage (10 and 20 percent, respectively) in order to attract the additional adult workers required to replace the child workers. In that case, production costs go up by only about 2-3 paise a dozen for plain bangles and 6-12 paise for coloured and detailed cut bangles.In percentage terms, this would mean only a 0, 2 and 4 percent increase in the cost of glass bangles in all three scenarios. Even at the retail level (which we assume has a 200 percent mark-up compared to wholesale), the cost of a dozen glass bangles would go up by only 10-20 paise for plain bangles and 12-27 paise for coloured and detailed cut bangles. There is no economicjustification to employ child labour in the glass bangle industry, as children do not occupy a necessary role in the glass bangle production, nor do they have the skills that could not replaced by adults, and elimination of child labour would increase the cost of production only marginally.RECOMMENDATIONSImprove production technology and work environment of the glass bangle industry. In the shortrun, the health of those children who continue to work would improve. In the long run, the demand for child labour should decrease as the increas ed capital investments do would create a need for more skilled and responsible adult workers. The number of adult labourers interested in doing this work should increase along with avail in working conditions and increased wages resulting from the need for greater skills and responsibility. Thus it will have a favourable impact on the goal of eliminating child labour.

Motivational factors on the employee’s commitment Essay

Todays organizations and companies want their enterprise to be around in the future, successful and sustainable avoiding the risk of performance or any shun effect. They consist of employees known as personnel that turned into humane resources. Some of the major factors shaping the core be the quality that you hold if employees are the decently people how the manager could keep it up how they can be motivated for good performance. Motivation is a necessary tool for steering or lead providing a reason to employees to perform in a certain way. In addition, the essay will include the academic orbit of motivation theories as that of Herzberg, Maslow, disco biscuits and Vroom. place goals is an essential motivating process and has been the focus of recent research and theory on kick the bucket motivation (Locke and Latham, 1990). Thus, examples would be provided for further and practical explanation of theories, as the cases of Starbucks, Freese and Nichols (FNI) and apples i Phone. At the start of the 20th century fundamental theories of motivation are presented, models about what motivates workers and their responses. Several theories of motivation try to analyze and count who wants, what and why. This is the reason why the theories of Herzberg, Maslow, Adams and Vroom have implications on the contemporary business.First, the bigger portion of Herzberg is that he developed the motivation hygiene theory, which considers that on that point are legion(predicate) factors that workers could be motived. Byhese factors generate satisf follow through and dissatisfaction. According to Herzberg (1959) accomplishment, the work itself, responsibility, educateth and recognition, and company policies, workconditions, supervision including relations with peers and management, salary causing respectively the two dissimilar distinctions. Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction portrait two contrastive human needs driven by salary to purchase shelter and food and by act ions leading to grow and attain (Herzberg, 1987). However, job satisfaction does not imply always-high level of productivity or excellence of motivation response. Practicing in business, the challenge at work is to come up the utility of ability of employee leading to the growth of responsibility levels.Herzbergs Two Factor system and Maslows are the main theories of motivation. Continuing with Maslows model, Maslow classifies the human needs and examines how the classifications are connected to each other. A person starts at the bottom level, where they try to satisfy basic needs (food and house). When the needs have been fulfilled, there are no longer a motiving force and the individual goes to the next stage. Moving on the rest hierarchy we can recognize safety needs (loss or protection against unemployment), social needs (communication, teamwork), esteem needs (human to be accepted and valued by others, respect from others) and self-actualization (how people think about themse lves) (Maslow, 1954). If the management can find which level of need each employee expects, they can thus decide corresponding rewards.Besides, one of the most relevant process theories of motivation is Adams equity surmise. According to Adams, the theory argues the comparison of employees job input and outcome and as well the same with that of other person at the same level (Mowday, 1991). Adam identified inputs as characteristics (age, sex, education, social status) that guide individual to social exchange for an effort. Outcomes are specified as the benefits, the rewards or privileges ( silver, work duties, better status, power, authority). The employee is not travel to an action when there is a balance between inputs and outcomes, because they are already satisfied and equality exists. However, if the individual notices that the ratio of outcome/input is less than that of expected, then inequality exists and motivation forces start to build up the lost equity. It should be noted that there are two main different ways to animate the equity. Either the individual might choose higher outcome based on their lower inputs, or reduce the inputs in relationto the same outcome (Adams, 1965). The actual purpose is the equality between input and outcome.Therefore, inequality could be when the employee is either over-rewarded or under-rewarded (Fok et al, 2000). It was initially proposed in the early 1960s the Expectancy Theory by Victor Vroom, which premises the significance of motivation. The theory tries to examine why individuals choose specific behavior or action. According to Vroom (1964), there are three central components Expectancy (effort leading to a particular level of performance) Instrumentality (that performance will lead to outcomes) Valence (the value that the individual places on the outcome). Droar (2006) suggests that for a person to be motivated the key elements must be linked. Otherwise, Porter and Lawler (1971) argue that Expectancy theory needs to be updated, because it includes some flaws. For example, an employer gives a reward, such as a promotion or financial bonus hence the employees will bonus their productivity to gain the reward. However, this only works if the employees believe the reward is favorable to their actual needs. Apple is a company that can be used to exemplify the theory of Herzberg. Behind Apple and the design of products by employees is the psychology of extrinsic and intrinsic characteristics driven by the question Will I enjoy using this product myself? .The extrinsic motivation is based on rewards for executives by giving them 3%-5% bonus of their salary. Next, all Apple employees receive discounts on products or they might receive free iPhone or iPad if they are on the developing team (Issaacson, 2011). This is more efficient than the increase of the salary as long as they see in front of their eyes the results of the effort, but also it is cheaper for Apple. In addition, intrinsic motivat ion is driven by corporate culture. Employees are weightily committed to their job, as monotonous encoding that they enjoy it (Issaacson, 2011). The culture of Apple was forced by Steve Job. What motived him to follow his dream and his heart was the passion, creating innovative products based on enjoying using himself rather than to bring profits to Apple. The core principles for this are Do something direct for your life Get better and better at something that matters There is no reason not to follow your instincts and your heart, nothing to lose (Awareness of his death) Understand that you exist only once. Apple is a company that works and thinks outside the box helping people to change the world (Gladwell,2011). Furthermore, Freese andNichols (FNI) is a practical example of foretaste theory. FNI is the first engineering/architecture firm to receive this honour.Employees are trained to improve quality in the work and seminars and FNI University training offered by the company. Workers have the authority to work on their own. In 2010 FNI gained the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. In addition, Starbucks Corporation, the most famous chain of coffee shops in the world, attracts customers for its quality and the good value for money while the prices are high. Beyond, the employees are also satisfied. Major motivational principle of king of coffee is the equity, meaning how fair the employees are treated by the employers during their work (Economist.com , 2009). For Starbucks employees are partners, not just employees, giving them valuable knowledge and training and providing them with rewards and benefits. Besides, Starbucks offer a creative and excellent work place, as part of moral philosophy program, where the company treats its partners with respect and prestige.Motivation theories should be examined in a deeper and macro level. Firms corporate operate and have subsidiaries in different countries, where there are different employees around the wo rld with different cultures and values. It is complicated for an organization to motivate different cultures, for the reason why each has different temperament and the ranking of needs differs among cultures. The motivation to work differs across cultures and this could be illustrated the following example. In countries where there is high risk of economic failure the reward of success is low, like Greece, where there is an warmth for work because the deep recession. Great enthusiasm for work could be found when high uncertainty of outcome combined with positive reward (Triandis,1982).To conclude, according to the background theories, personal goals are contributing to the developing of human behavior. They are used by individuals to monitor, to modify and evaluate their behavior. Generally speaking, motivation can be discriminative and selective aspect of particular behavior. It should be understood that motivation is important for the explanation of force toward a particular beh avior or action. Vrooms expectancy theory also places emphasis on the importance of motivation in the explanation of why people choose a particular action or behavior. Managers responsibility is to inspire, empower, envision and motivate employees for the fulfillment of their needs based on the different culturalbackground.ReferencesAdams, J. (1963) Towards an understanding of inequity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67 p.422-436. Adams, J. (1965) Inequity in social exchange . Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Academic Press. Droar, J. (2006) Expectancy theory of motivation.Economist.com (2009) Woke up, smelled the coffee. online Available at http//www.economist.com/node/14536977 Accessed 23rd October 2012 . Fok, L. et al. (2000) valet de chambre factors affecting the acceptance of total quality management. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, 17 (7), p.714-729. Freese and Nichols Website (2010) Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award R eport. online Available at http//www.freese.com/sites/ default option/files/Malcolm%20Baldrige%20Service%20Sheet.pdf. Gladwell, M. (2011) The Tweaker The Real Genius of Steve Jobs. New York. Herzberg, F. (1987) One more timeHow do you motivate employees. Harvard Business Review, 65 (5), p.109-120.Herzberg, F. et al. (1959) The Motivation of work. 2nd ed. Barbara B. Snyderman.Isaacson, W. (2011) Steve Jobs. New York Simon and Schuster. Locke, E. and Latham, G. (1990) A Theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance. Prentice Hall Englewood, NJ. Maslow, A. (1954) Motivation and personality. New York Harper and Row New York, p.91-93 , 256. Mowday, R. (1991) Motivation and work. New York McGraw-Hill. Porter, L. and Lawler, E. (1968) Managerial Attitudes and Performance. Homewood ILRichard D. Irwin Inc. Triandis, H. (1982) cross-cultural Management Conceptual Analyses. International Studies of Management and Organization, 12 (4). Vroom, V. (1964) Work and Motivation. New York John Wiley and Sons.

Is Eco-tourism the way forward for countries such as Ecuador?

The Republic of Ecuador is located on the Western Hemisphere, on the north corner of South America. The neighbouring countries are Colombia in the North and Peru in the South. Ecuador is whizz of the smallest countries in Latin America (roughly same size as Britain). Despite its size, Ecuador offers outstanding variety of places to visit, many different cultures, and many activities to enjoy such as nature tours, mountain climbing above 6000 meters, paragliding, white water rafting, or scuba diving.Ecuador overall has a population of 11 million people, with an annual population growth ordain of 3%. Ecuador formerly is a exploitation nation, evidence that spate be used to establish this is for starters the GNP level is depleted macrocosm $3,000 (2001), when compared to a demesne such as USA $36,300 (2001) or UK $24,700 (2001) it shows that Ecuador is a developing terra firma. The diagram on the next page shows the GNP level through the years passed for Ecuador.Other aspects that show that Ecuador is a developing are the birth rate and the infant mortality rate. The infant mortality rate of Ecuador reaches up to 30.69% in comparison to United Kingdoms infant mortality rate, which is 5.78%. This already shows that there are some(prenominal) more babies dieing per 1000 live births in Ecuador than UK, which then leads to showing that there are more diseases and unhygienic living conditions. The brio expectance of Ecuador initially is 69.54 for males and 74.90 for females, saying that, the life expectance in UK a developed country is 74.73 for males and 80.15 for females. There are over 50 % of Ecuadorians living in poor conditions. All these factors prove that Ecuador is still a developing country.Being a LEDC, Ecuador has many concerns for convalescing living conditions and improving the economy. Therefore Ecuadors chief(prenominal) concern is silver. The nearly comfortable look is TOURISM, there are until now other(a) ship canal for getting note s such as labour work, further since Ecuador has beautiful sceneries and plenty of attractions tourism will be the fastest and the easiest way of act asing in money into the country. Earning more money would help the country improve the economy which then can improve and create jobs for the unemployed, it will alike help build more schools and hospitals which would help the country on the whole and generally improve amenities.Commercial tourismMany LEDCs promote tourism for money. Tourism is a huge industry that can support many different founts of jobs. This would be beneficial for the people who are unemployed, they can take up jobs such as shopkeepers in fairs in order for tourists to buy souvenirs, and other jobs can allow in cleaners. Tourism generates easy money as tourists will be advance to see your culture and your traditions and in like manner enjoy the many facilities such as sight seeing or enjoying themselves on beaches. It basically does non include such(preno minal) hard work for the autochthonous people. Since tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the world, more and more people are spending more money on tourism each year, travelling afield etc. Many countries such as Jamaica, Kenya or India are all starting to invest and gravel familiar with tourism. Most of the LEDCs are becoming increasingly popular with tourists coming to see different cultures or to relax and enjoy the wildlife, which are only to be found in LEDCs.Ecuador is the perfect place for tourists interested in the outdoors and nature activities. Fine colonial architecture, rain forest trips, Inca treasures and the Andes are among Ecuadors top attractions. The main(prenominal) reason people will go to Ecuador for a holiday is that it is a land of contrasts you will never forget, Ecuador is divided by nature, yet solidly held in concert by a common cultural heritage. It is a four-in-one deal offering an awesome wealth of cultural and natural diversity trek through the Andes, float along a tropical coast, and explore the mysteries of the jungle and the Galapagos Islands, all in one tripTourism non only provides many different jobs, but it also helps areas that are particularly spoilt to start to improve and develop. Money is invested into the local anaesthetic areas services are improved such as hospitals and schools. From tourism the local transport system improves tremendously, which would benefit the local indigenous people and also tourists. As you can see, this (commercial) type of tourism can help a country economically and also help the indigenous people. While Commercial tourism looks to be perfect in all ways, it also has many evils, some of which disapprove LEDCs to take on commercial tourism.These disadvantages include social problems, for instance when western tourists offend local people or various religious groups within the rescript because of their style of dress or even when their behaviour seems different it d iscourages these local people to stop working with tourism.There can also be environmental problems, when natural environments and landscapes are damaged from tourists for example coastal areas and seaside resorts are completely altered from rubbish from the tourists. Rivers and seas are increasingly polluted from the tourists throwing things such as wrappers and rubbish, which again effects the environment negatively.Mainly the government would be in favour for this type of tourism but only to an extent. Other wise the indigenous and the more environmental friendly people would be against this type of tourism. The main risks commercial tourism and also any other type of tourism is that a country may not be as popular as time passes, it will become less interesting to holiday makers and with the same vacant activities each year, it would start to become boring to people.From all the disadvantages LEDCs are being discouraged constantly from the fear of their natural environment b eing destroyed by tourists. Therefore more and more LEDCs have started to familiarise them selves with another type of tourism, ECO-TOURISM.Eco-TourismEco-tourism comes from a concern closely the natural ecosystems of places and from a concern that the local ways of life and the environment or wildlife can be damaged or destroyed by commercial tourism. As commercial tourism has extensive negative effects on the beaches, local cultures and the environment, the idea of developing eco-tourism is to encourage smaller scale developments with visitor coming and staying with the indigenous people and learning about the environment. This type of tourism also supports the idea that holidaymakers will spend time learning about the wildlife and the environment. It can also include bird watching and sight seeing. The main scheme of eco-tourism is to make tourism less damaging and more in tune with the environment.The main obvious advantage of eco-tourism is that it helps the environment enormo usly and also the wildlife. The other advantage of eco-tourism is that the money made would go at once to the actual indigenous population by small groups performing in front of tourists or acting like guides. The Quicha people are able to use their expert knowledge of the plants and animals of the forest as the basis of tours, which again will bring money straight to the people them selves. It is also an advantage as it would make the indigenous people more self-dependent and this would mean they would work for themselves. In contrast to commercial tourism where the local people have to take up jobs such as cleaners in order to get money and sometimes they are not being paid fairly. The profits that are earned from the eco-tourism are invested to improve the community and public issues such as schools and hospitals or health centres. This type o tourism also makes the people feel they are in the community and they are working together, it makes the community strongerThere would a lso be less crime because most of the crime came from children stealing things of the tourists in commercial tourism, but since the indigenous people are more intact with the eco-tourists there would be less crime.While being many advantages, there are also a few disadvantages. But none of which include environmental or social issues but instead include economical issues.These economical issues would include the lack of tourists interested actually in eco-tourism. Again most people would rather spend their money to go abroad to places where they can relax on beaches, enjoy parades and basically leave their troubles behind, there would not be that many people interested in learning about the environment and the wildlife, and because of the lack of tourists going to the eco-tourism countries there would be a lack of jobs and more people unemployed since most of the indigenous people will be depending on the tourists so they could give tours. The other main disadvantage apart from the lack of tourists is that the country will just be depending on the tourism and when that starts to decrease, the country as a whole will start to be more and more less developed.Views of the local peopleDifferent people in the liquidation would be thinking different things. The main thing on there minds will be to be in favour of eco-tourism as they will not be up for commercial tourism as that can damage the rainforest, some people even reckon that commercial tourism could not bring enough jobs and if it does it would be jobs such as cutting down trees which is against the culture and traditions.The village leader wants the village to stay together and prosper. However he is completely against commercial tourism. This is because the last time that tourist had come into the village they had paid the villagers little money and also they did not respect the villagers in a proper manner. The village leader is also not sure about the eco-tourism scheme, as he is worried it would have the same effect as commercial tourism, which was poor. local development worker in contrast to the village leader believes that eco-tourism is the right way onwards. The local development worker has helped villages around the area and has seen it work therefore she believes that eco-tourism will work in this village.As you can see we can understand why different people will differ in their views for or against eco-tourism, for instance the village only wants the village to grow and develop through, he does not understand the facts of what eco-tourism can do because of the fear of what he had suffered when the tourist exploit their village and did not respect any of the villagers. On the other hand the local development worker believe that the village can develop actually easily if they allow eco-tourism, her main argument against the village leader could be that she has seen other villages develop through eco-tourism and it can happen to this village as well. evaluationAfter an alysing both commercial and eco-tourism, I have found many advantages and disadvantages of both. Commercial tourism will destroy the land and the wildlife will get accidental injury and the indigenous people are sometimes not respected. On the other hand commercial tourism does bring more money into the country not necessarily straight to the local people and also more people are interested in commercial tourism.However the eco-tourism protects the wildlife and keeps the land clean and unpolluted. It also helps the indigenous people feel they are dependent and part of a strong community, but eco-tourism having the environmental and social advantages, it has a flaw, there is an economical disadvantage which is, it brings in less money and in most cases most tourists would go to a commercial tourism country as it would be more pleasurable.The nett question really is Is eco-tourism the way forward for countries such as Ecuador?After going through all the advantages and disadvantages and what the indigenous people think, my answer would be, yes eco-tourism is the way forward for countries such as Ecuador. I have decided this because, it helps the environment without destroying it, it does not hurt the wildlife in anyway, and it also brings in a reasonable amount of money straight to the indigenous people. However these all are very important factors on why I have chosen eco-tourism, but there is one more imperative factor which I think is vital, it is that the Quichua tribe are happy with it, they believe eco-tourism is the way forward, it does not destroy their environment and the wildlife are safe(p) and the Quichua people are satisfied in occupying jobs such as tour guides.The main argument I would believe which is against eco-tourism is the economical problem people believe that eco-tourism will bring in less money than commercial tourism. However the way I see it, I believe that every industry when it starts of in the beginning has less people, in spite of this there are small groups going to countries that follow the eco-tourism scheme and slowly that group will be expanding as people will be telling others about their holiday and slowly the eco-tourism industry will begin to rise.

Law describing and evaluating the roles of the courtroom work group Essay

A court agency work group is a term referring to professionals that serve in the court on a daily basis. These professionals include a prosecutor, the pitiful defence attorney and the judicial officer. The courtroom working group seeks to bring justice to all. It ensures that all parties atomic number 18 accorded callable fairness and equal opportunity regardless of gender, race, age, religious affiliation nor any other factor. They also see to it that trials are completed successfully. The concept of court room working group is associated with invocation bargaining.The courtroom working group has shown tremendous explanatory power in over saddleed courts dealing with huge national loads. Describing and Evaluating Roles of motor hotel Work Group Professionals that serve in the court, each swallow a commitment to oversee a successful trial completion. Due to this commitment they must(prenominal) each follow a strict code of ethics and also they must adhere to the law and it s practice. In most cases however, the crook of judges and attorneys is confine hence there is a possibility that a personal as well as professional relation that may stem up.However this must non be prioritised by either of the parties involved and the pursuit of justice must always remain the order of the day. The changes I would recommend are wage hike of the bar when it comes to security measures. The reason why I suggest this is be typesetters case sometimes violent criminal offenders may take advantage of the courtroom environment and cause havoc inside the court. For example in the past there was a reported case whereby an offender grabbed an officers pistol and started shooting helter-skelter in the courtroom.Safety measures should be put in place in order to curb such bizarre scenarios in the future. The role of the prosecutor is to epitomise the rights of the citizens. This is assumed to be so because a crime is defined as an act or omission which constitutes an offe nce punishable by law. Hence, when an offender is presented in court, the charges levelled against him read, Republic or State vs defendant. Therefore the role of the prosecutor is to represent the peoples cases against the defendant. With that role comes great responsibility on him, in that the burden of proof automatically lies with him.Also he has to work hard to ensure that yard is presented legally, and the state procedures are adhered to in a way that dismissal is avoided. another(prenominal) role of the prosecutor is that he acts as a consultant and advisor to the police departments. He assists them in the course of investigatings and also provides insight into the acquisition of evidence and the procedural element of it. A prosecutor usually decides which case to pursue based on the fact that whether they think they can prove beyond commonsense doubt that a defendant is guilty of an offense (Herrmann, Joachim, p. 468).They achieve this by firstly studying in a detailed ma nner the charges levelled against the defendant. Also he must examine the corresponding evidence presented which includes any testimonials or witnesses and any other material fact that may affect his case. After accomplishing this task he has a more insightful view of the case and is best able to make an informed decision. At this juncture he may decide to file the case or drop the charges and recommend lesser sentences for the defendants who agree to plead guilty to a certain crime a process that is referred to as plea bargaining (Heumann, 1977).If the criterion for taking a case was more stringent, many cases would be dismissed due to lack of concrete evidence. This is because majority of the cases brought to the court have circumstantial evidence but with great eyewitness testimony. If the criterion was less stringent on the other hand, the court system would be overburdened with cases wanting sufficient evidence and support, hence resulting in less attention being accorded to c ases that urgently require it.The criminal justice system has been defined as resembling a funnel that is, being wide at the top and being narrow at the bottom. This is scaned to mean that there are more suspects and defendants in the justice system than there are convicted offenders who have successfully passed through the correctional system. The criminal justice system has a number of processes that an offender goes through, beginning with the investigation process and ending with the release of a convicted individual from a correctional facility.As criminals pass through the criminal justice system, quite a number of cases are dismissed due to a variety of reasons one being the lack of sufficient evidence. Discretion is another effect brought about by the criminal justice funnel. Many of the cases in the criminal justice system are investigated, tried or dismissed purely on the basis of personal choices. These choices are made by persons who use discretion to decide on individu al cases. Also police officers may decide whether to conduct investigations on a case or to just go ahead and make an arrest of the suspect, again based on personal choice.Whereas on the other hand, attorneys and judges also interpret information to decide on the bail applications and plea bargains (Hermann Joachim, p. 468). Unreported cases is also another factor emerging form this system. A number of crimes go unreported for a variety of reasons and this allows the offenders of such crimes go off Scott free and mingle with other people in the society. This adds to the ever growing number of cases that do not make their way into the early stages and final stages of the criminal justice system.Case backlog means that the defendants have to wait longer in order to rag a verdict on the case. It means t the defendant has to remain as a suspect for a prolonged period. Some of the offenders that are held in custody are there because simply the offenses they committed can not be granted bail and other offenders are there because they have been inefficient to post bail. This backlog also inhibits the justice process by helping offenders get away with their crimes. This is especially evident where case requires immediate analysis of evidence (Daly, 2011).

Diversity Among Individuals Essay

Diversity among individuals, as well as cultures, provides a challenge for nurses when it comes to delivering substantive health promotion and illness prevention-based education. How do teaching principles, varied learning styles (for both the nurse and her patients), and teaching methodologies impact the quality of such education? How does reason a patients view of health promotion and disease prevention guide you in teaching them? Provide an example.Education is impacted some(prenominal) time that the student (patient) does not understand what is being explained, so it is important for the instructor (nurse) to have multiple teaching styles and methodologies to ensure the information is clear and understood. speech with patients, while drawing pictures or diagrams, as well as giving them handouts to take home allows you to cover all but one type of learner. catch my patients view of health promotion and disease prevention helps guide me to what specific information the patient leave behind need.For example, A 21 course of study old male who smokes tobacco and has multiple sex partners informs me that he has no desire to quit smoking and refuses you to discuss the matter with me. Attempting to educate this patient on quitting smoking will do harm than good. The patient will be frustrated and possibly angry at me for not respecting his feelings, this could possibly damage our nurse-patient kind of trust and understanding. In this case I will respect the patients right to smoke and spend my time educating him on sexually communic competent diseases and the importance of safe sex.My 21 year old female tobacco smoker informs me that she would like to quit smoking but is having a hard time. In this situation I would speak with her about her difficulties quitting smoking, fears and anxieties. Provide information regarding medications that are available, programs and resources that are designed to help her, and other options like hypnosis and acupuncture. Un derstanding and being able to incorporate teaching principles, teaching methodologies, and learning styles are all very important in patient education and health promotion but it will do you little good if you do not have the patients buy in and willingness to change.

Models for Learning and Development

our site BUSINESS MANAGEMENT DISSERTATION TOPICS CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING AbstractThis establish critically appraises the reasonableity of the 70, 20, 10 formula utilise for giving due recognition to different types of attention acquire. Using a wide variety of resources, the watchword taskes the current method, future authorisation and possible shortcomings. The research shows that the forge of aiding employees to develop, either form of additional reading on the theorize adds to the natural sort pack develop, aiding both the somebody and the compevery. Yet, in umpteen cases the method is found to be outdated in the face of developing engineering. This field of force will be of engage to those researching developing trends in relation to prospicient standing practices1 IntroductionThis essay critically appraises the validity of the 70 20 10 formula used for giving due recognition to different types of management take aiming. Burgess (2017) describes the 702010 Model for Learning and Development as a discipline assume that seeks to improve boilersuit performance through targeted efforts. Jennings et al., (2010) illustrates the formula in the following elanSeventy per centimeime assignments Twenty per cent from relationships Ten per cent from bringingWatkins et al., (1992) argues that learning get under ones skins with motivation, leading to action.. Whilst this seems to be a simple form of beginning, this st blind could come in various forms that leave many things in question. For example, a mistake which is a very common beginning point, builds experience, leading to a learning experience. Yet, Pollock et al., (2015) describes the system as outdated . With many others critical of this plan of attack including Blackman et al., (2016), the following discussion illustrates the pros and cons of the method.2 The 70 2010 ModelsRentroia-Bonito et al., (2015) argue that the 702010 model helps people to extend their focus beyond the norm in order to build more resilient workforces thereby serving to create cultures that feature continuous learning. Critical of this Blackman et al., (2016) says that the 702010 isnt a simple rule as it sole(prenominal) outlines the do of learning as it naturally occurs, only then offering a process to support that learning process. Furthermore, as part of the daily workflow the method helps in the effort to improve working as well as the art of and sharing with colleagues, empowering the entire company or effort to move forward. This seems to generate sizable questions regarding the meaning of the numbers and how this has been defined throughout its term of operation.The 702010 models, although considered a change agent by most, is described by Watkins et al., (1992) as a consistently useful reminder that learning dissolve as well be found in the oeuvre and not just in the a educational format. Yet, Pollock et al., (2015) argon critical of assigning any mavin meaning to the mode l, showing that learning is continually dependent on the person, the environment and the motivation. This seems to indicate that learning is a very ad hominem based experience that can be successful for nearly anyone once the correct combination of method and motivation is found. Furthermore, this is a real indication that the influx of numbers cannot be considered a mantra, more of a guideline leading to a potential change. Blackman et al., (2016) supports the lean that many of the past years be possessed of continued to illustrate the condition that workplace learning is on the increase with more and more people atomic number 18 development the possibility of learning in geological formations. Yet, Jennings et al., (2010) continue to be critical of such(prenominal) an assumption, arguing that alongside for each one new learning development is an advance in the science of education, which in turn is associated with increasing the superpower for organisations to in effect ca-ca their target employees. This seems to be a strong argument for the condition of consistent learning in every situation aiding the person in the entirely. Furthermore, this framework support the understanding of learning within organisations that is widely considered a clapperclaw towards more effective know-how learning (Rentroia-Bonito et al., 2015). Yet, every writer continues to agree that the elements of the method of completely interdependent, with each one impacting the other. This is lift out scene in examples that illustrate that mentoring and courses seem to be better when they support on-the-job development, leading to a consistent motivation.Blackman et al., (2016) describe the 702010 formulas as an argument that is made when an organisation tries to innovate and prosper based on the abilities held by the employees. Yet, choosing to add to that description, Jennings et al., (2010) illustrates the method as a model designed to support individual, as well as any f orm of organisational learning. This seems to be indicative of a desire by this process to amalgamate each of the three types of learning experiential, social and formal. Critical of accepting the method on initial value Marsick et al., (2006) argues that organisations assume more responsibility for any organisations learning, as a means of improving the entire company whether that education come from formal or informal conditions. Pollock et al., (2015) chooses to believe that the process is of value as a general guideline only, leading to many areas of for improving the effectiveness of learning. Yet, Rentroia-Bonito et al., (2015) is critical of this assessment, being quick to point out that the model is used heavily by organisations around the world.2.1 Meaning of the NumbersEach of the percentages associated with the 702010 methods are associated with specific elements of the learning process (Jennings et al., 2010). This is an indication that there are areas that deserve more attention to and broader funding, leading to the development of priorities. Watkins et al., (1992) argues that the 70 per cent becomes the most beneficial for employees due to the possibility of for these persons to discover and further develop their skills, which in turn leads to better decision making and better performance in the face of ongoing day to day challenges. Although Blackman et al., (2016) argues that the key element of this portion of the political program is the fact that the individuals receive immediate feedback on their performance and are able to quickly use this information on the job. According to this method, persons learn 20 per cent from areas of social learning, collaborative learning and of interaction with co-workers.Pollock et al., (2015124) uses the following illustration to demonstrate the range of interpretationsA multinational company70% comes from constant on-the job Encouragement and stimulation such as delegation and job rotation. 20%from dail y contact with colleagues and management.A professional services firm70% on the job such as reaching, projects, problems solving, client interaction, and rotation assignments. 20% undertaken through others such as social networking, performance conversations work shadowing, communities of practice and social activities. 10% formal or prescribed. 10% from formal methods such as e-learning, the classroom, external courses.A distribution organisation70% from work experiences such as stretch assignments, projects and overseas exposure. 20% others such as mentoring and learning from seniors and peers. 10% formal and informal channels.An Australian government body70% is experiential. 20% is relationship based. 10% is formal.A not-for-profit organisation70% on the job. 20% coaching and mentoring. 10% formal courses.A large multinational organisation70% from on-the-job learning, projects. 20% from exposure to teachers and other educators. 10% from learning material including on line resources, books and external resources.The Pollock et al., (2015) approach outlined here only seems content that ten per cent of any class of trainees working to be a professional will complete the course and development optimally. This condition will result from the combination of the formal discipline alongside the contribution of impertinent offerings.2.2 Is the 702010 still relevant?Jennings et al., (2010) argues that the internet, alongside developing communications technology has altered the training persistences views of the 702010 models, making some elements more meaningful, whilst reducing others. Perhaps the fastest and loudest growing criticism of the model is the fact that the rare model does not reflect the current markets fast-growing emphasis any type of learning. This seems to indicate that as technology continues to develop, so in addition do the opportunities for people to learn anywhere, seemingly lending support for the argument that the model needs to be updated for the modern world. Another observation that is commonly touted to the minus in relation to this model is the fact that the ratios do not reflect the many opportunities emerging, instead seemingly limiting the effectiveness of the tool (Pollock et al., 2015). Yet, Watkins et al., (1992) argues that no takings what may come in the markets the model will continue to be as a valuable guideline.Blackman et al., (2015) argues that the relevance of the method remains in the talent for the model to assist the transition from the formal learning to on the job application. This is best achieved using specific methods such as abuse by step instructions or allowing a person to instruct themselves leading to potential opportunities during training. However, Watkins et al., (1992) insists that any attempt to use the model in todays markets rests on the ability for the course content to remain short in order to tackle a wider variety of concepts. Furthermore, this seems to indicate that any attempt at using the model will increasingly use methods such as micro learning, leading to innovation and development. Yet, Blackman et al., (2015) shows that if a model is not carried out correctly, the learnings will begin to occupy more time than the 10%, leading to a skewed attempt. This element seems to support the contention that the model is highly dependent on management style and ease of any programs use. Jennings et al., (2010) asserts that job aids aid to take into account possible learners with much of the supplementary materials that is needed in to succeed, leading to better skills for the person in the long run. Yet, Blackman et al., (2015) again asserts that the most valuable element of the program is the introduction of the peer learning component that allow employees to find methods of success outside of the norm, again, leading to innovation and possible development in the work place. The relevance of the model has further increased with Jenn ings et al., (2010) that the addition of mobile content adds a awed extension of any learning efforts. This seems to indicate that there is a real potential in this model to extend formal learnings and help in the persons personal efforts to establish a proper educational path. Yet, in every case Blackman et al., (2015) asserts that the most important element, and remaining relevance of this model is the self-assessment that helps each person to learn and apply their cognition.2.3 PotentialPascale (2017) asserts that learning programs show potential as they are addressing employees as well as providing experience and the benefit of increased confidence. This seems to indicate that Pascale (2017) sees the method as learning that can be attributed to any single persons capacities which in turn assist the persons entire workforce. Yet, Jennings et al., (2010) cautions against this form of over optimism, stating that these skills are the employees, and the person may choose to use the se emerging skills elsewhere or in a different manner than the company may have anticipated. Jennings et al., (201020) says that the system has the potential to forces us into a mind-set of extending learning solutions beyond classes and courses and out into the workflow. It creates great opportunities to leverage work for learning and to bring learning encompassing(prenominal) to work. As the workflow is where the majority of learning happens, re-focusing there is not only a sensible approach, but its an effective one as well. This seems credible with a real opportunity for persons to learn through practice and establishing as well as learning through the day to day employee conversations. Yet, Watkins (1992) assert that the best possible element of the program rests in the element of reflective practice that both enhances the organisational learning as well as adding to any form of personal educational experience. This seems to indicate that there is support for a system that he lps a person becomes the best form of themselves that they can be, which in turn seems to require a little more flexibility than a rigid model. Burgess (2017) describes this art of reflection as a link across any activities that assist to assess a persons success or failure, which in turn adds to the likelihood of success in a new challenge. Furthermore, extending this principle shows that reflecting on improvement, alongside practice and is a natural and practical way for a person to improve their potential for growth. With intuitive elements already a large part of every persons life in the form of teachers, coaches and mentors with endless sessions of practice in any number of educational efforts, the method provides a framework that adds to the potential for anyone to succeed (Watkins et al., 1992). However, this is not the same attitude evinced by the later studies such as Burgess (2017) citing the need for more flexibility in order to provide the proper potential for growt h and innovation.2.4 ChallengesJennings et al., (2017) argue that the biggest challenge of using the 702010 frameworks is how to do it correctly in any environment. Yet, Pascale (2017) cites the largest challenge as matching the various levels of understanding among the persons being educated. Whilst Pollock et al., (2015) argues that the largest challenge going forward is going to be the nature of the process and the inability of method to effectively compound technology. Although, this contention is debated among many professionals with Jennings et al., (2017) making arguments clearly in favour of using innovative technology to aid in both reaching employees and the manner in which they would understand their material. This all seems to sustain the contention that although there seems to be a solid structure to the system overall, the lack of a solid step by step system that can be applied in nearly any circumstance is a drawback. Furthermore, it would seem as if the area of tec hnology remains a key weakness that needs to be developed.Pascale (2017) cites the fact that leaders are actively seeking out new ways to train employees, that there is a need for more innovation and development. With nearly seventy per cent of hands on training, considered to take too long, the mistakes made by employees only serve to reduce effectiveness and potential revenue. Furthermore, Watkins et al., (1992) notes this same condition, with the companies that using temporary workers hit hardest. This seems to support the arguments that technology has brought on training that provides a focused way for people to speed up learning whilst keeping overall cost low.3 ConclusionThis essay critically appraised the validity of the 70 20 10 formula used for giving due recognition to different types of management learning, with the understanding that the learning model seeks to improve overall performance through targeted efforts. With considerable debate on the subject, the central are a of challenges to the system was the assertion that it was becoming outdated and that the seventy per cent assignments, twenty per cent from relationships and ten per cent from training were not effective in the modern market, making the entire method questionable. Yet, support for the method centred largely on the ability for the educational material to provide a source of growth and reflection for the employee that would in turn aid them in learning in a natural manner that would easily integrate into their professional lives. This seems to support the Watkins et al., (1992) argument that learning begins with motivation, leading to action. This motivation is built upon the desire to better them through education, and the method does seem to provide a valid and practical process for attaining that goal. However, the critics of this process are a quick to point out that any mistake will build a faulty knowledge base that should be better controlled to ensure quality. However, w ith time being a key element of any business community, it does not seem practical for employees to persuade to receive any long term education that many received in the past in formal educational settings.The material in this study seems to support the contention that when seeking to determine how long someone needs to train, it remains vital to look at the method and manner of training. There are many choices for each unique person, making some critics of the system point out that the need for flexibility is a real and lasting component of any system.. This works to build confidence in the assessment that a persons learning program will help to build better overall working practices that will in turn benefit the company or organisation that the persons is associated with. Furthermore, the material clearly shows that there is more to learn than how to make the connexion in the classroom, that there must be deeper elements that serve to encourage and develop the innovative nature of the person, whilst not relying on a single model for common education. The research shows that the process of aiding employees to develop, any form of additional education on the job adds to the natural way people develop, aiding both the person and the company. Yet, in many cases the method is found to be outdated in the face of developing technology. This study will be of interest to those researching developing trends in relation to long standing practices.This study shows that formal training and development serve only a portion of a person, or employees learning and educational development, with valuable sources of education and knowledge coming from practice, reflection and the proximity and mentorship of experienced professionals in the field. The research illustrates that by aiding people, employees and leaders to work and develop educational process whilst on the job, the ability to naturally integrate this knowledge into their professional lives grows. This growth no t only seems to aid the person on many levels, but aids the efforts of the companies associated with the person, supporting the contention that the 702010 model is not only relevant but needed in the modern community. This continues to show that people develop on the job and in order to companies to remain or become successful education must be a cornerstone of that process.ReferencesBlackman, D. and Johnson, S. (2016). The 702010 model for learning and development an effective model for capability development?. International daybook of Engineering and Technology, 2(1), pp.112-116.Burgess, J. (2017). Is a Blended Learning Approach adapted for Mature, Part-Time Finance Students?.. online Eric.ed.gov. operational at https//eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1098715 Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.Cotton, J. and Rechtschaffen, A. (1958). Replication report Two- and three-choice verbal-conditioning phenomena. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 56(1), pp.96-96.Gardner, R. (1957). Probability-Learning with Tw o and Three Choices. The American Journal of Psychology, 70(2), p.174.Jennings, C. and Wargnier, J. (2010). Experiential learning a way to develop agile minds in the knowledge economy?. Development and Learning in Organizations An International Journal, 24(3), pp.14-16.Jennings, C., Jennings, C. and profile, V. (2017). 702010 Primer. online Charles-jennings.blogspot.com. Available at http//charles-jennings.blogspot.com/2015/08/702010-primer.html Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.KMI Learning. (2017). 70-20-10 train A New Approach KMI Learning. online Available at https//www.kmilearning.com/70-20-10-training/ Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.Pascale, C. (2017). 702010 Guide Provide building to the 70%. online Docebo. Available at https//www.docebo.com/2015/04/16/informal-training-70-20-10/ Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.Pollock, R., Jefferson, A., Wick, C. and Wick, C. (2015). The six disciplines of breakthrough learning. 1st ed.Rentroia-Bonito, M., Goncalves, D. and Jorge, J. (2015). Clustering Students Based on Motivation to Learn. International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning, 7(3), pp.18-39.Td.org. (2017). 702010 Where Is the Evidence?. online Available at https//www.td.org/Publications/Blogs/Science-of-Learning-Blog/2014/07/70-20-10-Where-Is-the-Evidence Accessed 17 Mar. 2017.Td.org. (2017). 702010 Where Is the Evidence?. online Available at https//www.td.org/Publications/Blogs/Science-of-Learning-Blog/2014/07/70-20-10-Where-Is-the-Evidence Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.Training Magazine. (2017). Fear Not the 70-20-10. online Available at https//trainingmag.com/content/fear-not-70-20-10 Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.Trainingindustry.com. (2017). The 702010 Model for Learning and Development Training Industry. online Available at https//www.trainingindustry.com/wiki/entries/the-702010-model-for-learning-and-development.aspx Accessed 24 Mar. 2017.Watkins, K. and Marsick, V. (1992). Towards a theory of informal and incidental learning in organizations?. International Journal of Lifelong Educat ion, 11(4), pp.287-300.

Disgrace Essay

In Disgrace by J. M. Coetzee we are introduced to David Lurie, the protagonist and narrator of this novel. David Lurie is a 52 year old divorced man, who lives in chimneypiece Town, S out(a)h Africa, as a respected romantic poetry professor at a university. His disembodied spirit is full of sexual, non-committed congenericships. After organism accused of inappropriate behavior with a student, Lurie loses his job at the university and mustiness move in with his daughter, Lucy, in the country. Throughout the novel we see many references to animals, especially in relation to Lurie.Because he is the narrator of the novel, these animal references lead the reader to believe Lurie is describing himself through these animals. Lurie uses descriptions of animals as a focus to describe how he feels about himself. We see Lurie go from a sexually charged predator, to a singular beast who has been hunter, to a trail-man, and past finally to a helpless quest for who is ready to be perpetr ate out of his misery. David Lurie is a predator at the beginning of the novel. He is a man searching for sex, and for the around part he is successful at it.His first sexual interest he introduces us to is Soraya, a prostitute who he has been going to see for a long time. Lurie describes them having sex by comparing them to snakes tenanted in intercourse, lengthy, absorbed, but rather abstract, rather dry, even at its hottest (Coetzee 5 ). Being the narrator, this shows the reader how David views himself, as well as Soraya, as cold, scary, almost evil, creatures, worry snakes. Snakes come back off a real disallow emotion because they are dangerous animals, and this comparison leads us to believe David excessively must be a dangerous animal.Soraya eventually tries to cut ties with David, but David macrocosm the predator he is cannot let his prey go. He is able to find Sorayas sign phone number and when he calls her she is livid he would overcompensate that line. But then, what should a predator expect when he intrudes into the vixens nest, into the home of her cubs? (Coetzee 10). Soraya is a mother, and feels like David calling her home is going to be a threat to her family, especially her children. The next instance where we see David describing himself as a predator is during his first sexual encounter with his student, Melanie.David is truly persistent in sleeping with Melanie, and in one case he has finally chased her down he describes the experience as like a rabbit when the jaws of the befuddle close on its neck (Coetzee 25). He is well aware by making this statement that Melanie does not want to be in this situation with him, but he does not care, he has been chasing this prey for too to just let it go. This is not the last time David engages Melanie regardless of her strong reluctance however, and Melanie eventually has fair to middling and reports Lurie to the University where he teaches.David Lurie goes from being the predator, to now b eing the one who is being chased. He is being chased by the University committee who is investigating Davids indiscretions with Melanie. The committee is described by Lurie as hunters who catch cornered a crazy beast and do not know how to finish it off. (Coetzee 56). The tables wee-wee turned and Lurie is now this strange beast that has been hunted down. David refuses to apologize however, and instead loses his job.Lurie could have simply said sorry for his actions and he would have had a chance to keep his position at the University, but in his mind he did not do anything wrong. He compares himself an old neighbors dog, saying that every time a slit would be in the yard the dog would become so excitable that he could not be controlled. The dog was not allowed to go through with his natural desires, which caused the dog to act strange and just lay out around the garden with its ears flat and its tail between its legs, whining, trying to hide. (Coetzee 69 ). David sees himself in this dog, he is being punished and being told he is not allowed to do something that feels so natural to him. He says that the dog would have preferred to be shot over being denied its natural urges. David chose to be shot (lose his job) when he refuses to bear that he did anything wrong by sleeping with Melanie. After losing his job David must go live with his daughter, Lucy, out in the country.While living with Lucy, David goes through a lot, and through helping take care of her dogs we see a softer side of him through his descriptions of these dogs. The dogs are brought to the clinic because they are unwanted, (Coetzee 146) Lurie says. He cares about the dogs because he too feels unwanted. Well, now he has become a dog-man. (Coetzee 146) David is one with these dogs, abandoned and miserable, unable to live the lives they want to be living. The dogs and David are detain out in the country on a farm just waiting for the end.David finally does give up and we see this through his decision to put down the dog that he had become very close to, Driepoot, the young dog David has come to feel a particular fondness for (Coetzee 214-215). David had bonded with Driepoot, even write his Opera to the dog at one point. He felt sorry for Driepoot, he felt very much like the dog. In the end of the novel, by choosing Driepoot to be put down a (his, the dogs) time must come, it cannot be evaded and carries the dog, the one who likes music (Coetzee 219), to Bev where he will be killed.In the last denounce of the novel David states that he is giving him up (Coetzee 220), which is essentially David stating the he is the one giving up. Like Driepoot, David Lurie is being put out of his misery. David Luries life goes through dramatic changes throughout the novel Disgrace. A once respected professor, he becomes a mad old man who sits among the dogs singing to himself. (Coetzee 218). Lurie uses descriptions of animals as a carriage to describe how he feels about himself.H e goes from a predator whose main focus in life is delicious his sexual desires, to a man who feels like a strange beast that has been hunted by the University. David then turns to his daughters farm where he begins working with dogs and we see a softer David Lurie, a man who feels like the abandoned dogs who are waiting for their end to come. By the end of Disgrace we see that David is ready to assent his own end, he wants to be put out of his misery just like he does for the dog he has bonded so much with. Works Cited Coetzee, J. M. Disgrace. New York Penguin, 1999. Print.

Court History and Purpose Essay

AbstractThe address represents the collective conscience of society, serving as an instrumentate for expressing the revulsion people feel for those who commit break a centeringicularly heinous crimes (Siegal, Schmalleger, & Worrall, 2011). This paper will discuss the memoir of court and its purpose. It will excessively define the dual court placement. It will describe the role that former(a) legal decrees, the common law, and precedent played in the development of courts. It will identify the role of courts in present execrable justice.The Purpose of CourtThe purpose for court is simply to find guilt or innocence in someone who has been charged of a crime or to settle disputes in civilised matters. Such matters must have the legal authority of a judge to be considered a court. In m each courts the adversary process is used, allowing both sides to give any evidence, arguments, or persuasion to support their case. A judge or a jury will decide whose case is credible based on t he arguments given. In the past, disputes were handled informally and not in a polite manner. Some people would take matters into their confess hands, which led to violence. In todays society, all matters are handled in a formal and civilized manner.The Dual Court SystemThe legal branch of the U.S. Government is considered a dual court system because it separates the federal court from the state court. The dual system is advantageous and desirable because it parallels federalism, a system of government activity where power is constitutionally divided between a central governing body (i.e., the federal government) and unlike constituent units (i.e., the states) (Siegal, Schmalleger, & Worrall, 2011). The establishment of a dual court system began in colonial period. TheUnited States wanton awayup mandated the establishment of a Federal court system in 1789, when each of the original 13 Colonies already maintained its own comprehensive court system (2013). In federalism, it is required that laws are made by the federal government and the state. Although the dual court system is desirable, it can also cause astonishment between the federal and state courts. This is because some cases can be heard at both federal and state levels, and it can be hard to determine how the case should be handled.The Development of CourtsThe development and influences of the U.S. legal system came along during the time this country was started. In the beginning, religion played a major part in making the laws of the country. The early legal codes played a significant role in the juridic system as well. These legal codes were used back 1760 B.C. One of the most known legal code is the Code of Hammurabi, who was the king of Babylon. The philosophy behind this code is retribution. Other early legal codes came from ancient Rome. The twelve Tables were written in 450 B.C. They were said to be the first written legal code. The Twelve Tables was based on strong retribution, establi shing the eye for an eye theory for justice. Because the early legal codes were considered to be harsh and informal, it was paved the way for the changes of the judicial system to develop a more formal and civilized system.Common law emerged in England during the Middle Ages and was applied within British colonies across continents (2010). Its role gave judges authority to make decisions as they saw fit. There was no legislature or law making process during this time. Judges would also record the decisions, which led to precedent. Precedent refers, generally, to some prior action that guides current action (Siegal, Schmalleger, & Worrall, 2011). In bleak cases, judges could apply precedents in their decision, which is how makes it common law. Common law has been implemented into todays judicial system by following previous courts decisions in cases. It is unlikely that once a judge makes a decision that it will be reversed or changed from precedent.The Present Role of CourtsIn toda ys judicial system, there are two roles involved in courtsadjudication and oversight. Adjudication means that judges decides if a psyche is guilty or innocent when they have been involved in a criminal act. Appellate courts make sure that lower courts are applying the correct laws in court proceedings. Having the appellate courts verify all laws ensures that if any mistakes or incorrect information was given by the judges, they will be held accountable. Courts oversee the operations of criminal justice officials to provide a level of indirect supervision. The appellate courts decide laws that will determine how natural law officers to their job on the street (Siegal, Schmalleger, & Worrall, 2011). Oversight is only necessary when the appellate courts are involved in a decision. If such decisions are publicized, the appellate courts will be involved also. It all depends on the cogency of the incident involve by police officers will it be brought to the courts attention.ConclusionT he judicial system has thus changed over the course of time. History has shown that the development of the judicial system was fathered from England and other ancient heritages that set the innovation of how laws are created and implemented into todays society. More common law is being practiced in many states across the nation. Some of the practices were very informal and retributive, however in todays court system, court proceedings are in a formal and civilized setting.ReferencesSiegal, L.J., Schmallegar, F., & Worrall, J.L (2011). Courts and criminal justice inAmerica. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson.The common law and civil law traditions. (2010). The Robbins Collection. RetrievedFrom University of California at Berkeley develop of Law (Boalt Hall)http//www.law.berkeley.edu/library/robbins/CommonLawCivilLawTraditions.html Understanding the U.S. court system in a glance. (2013). Retrieved fromhttp//court.laws.com/court-system.

Collaborative Practice in Health Care Essay

Collaborative employ in health c be occurs when a particle of the health care team consults with another member to take into account uncomplaining care. Collaboration most often occurs between doctors and checks. Collaboration is defined as a relationship of interdependence the ability to work together involves trust and respect not only of distributively other but of the work and perspectives all(prenominal) contributes to the care of the patient of (Phipps and Schaag, 1995, p. 19). Effective collaborative practice amongst on the whole health care team members leads to continuity of care, professional interdependence, quality care and patient satisfaction and lessen costs. Ongoing collaboration between health care members results in mutual respect, trust and an appreciation of what each individual brings to the overall goal in rendering care to the client. The following vignette will leave behind the foundation for the discussion of collaborative care, differentiating bet ween moderate diagnosis and collaborative problems, and potential barriers to successful collaboration.JG is a 74 year old married Hispanic male diagnosed with colon cancer. He had a memorial of prosthesis placement of his left lower leg he is ambulatory. He is a diabetic on oral medications. He worked as a farm laborer. He lives with his wife she does not speak incline she is a homemaker. He has a son who lives nearby and a nephew who periodically visits him. JG can understand round English. He does hasten some difficulty expressing his health concerns to the staff because of his limited vocabulary. His son or nephew brings JG to his clinic appointments. He receives weekly chemotherapy at the egresspatient oncology clinic. The daylight I cared for JG he arrived at the clinic accompanied by his nephew. This was week seven of his treatment. His clothing was dirty, he smelled of stool, his fingernails were dirty, hair uncombed, he appeared to be dehydrated. He reported catgut movements of eight stools per day with complaints of occasional type AB cramping. He denied nausea or loss of appetite. He stated that he was actually tired and was not able to do much at home.His main concern was the frequency of his intestine movements. He reports having to go to the bathroom two to three times during the night and has episodes of soiling the bed. He reports that sometimes he does not feel theurge to go. JG was wearing adult diapers. He expressed concern that it was acquire expensive for him to purchase. The nephew confirmed that JG toileting has created a problem in the home. His nephew verbalized that JG had medication for diarrhea but ran out of it and he did not have the money to purchase the medication. When questioned why he was using a wheelchair he stated that his foot hurt to walk the distance from the lobby to the treatment room. He mentioned that it was probably callable to an ingrown toe nail. He also asked how he could obtain a wheel chair for hi s private use at home. Physical assessment revealed that he had a necrotic area on the formal of his left foot with surrounding redness, lost 12 pounds in six weeks, poor skin turgor, active bowel sounds, and his blood pressure was slightly lower than baseline.In the ambulatory chemotherapy setting, the clients do not ever see their doctor every time they receive treatment. The take in must ascertain when to cooperate with the physician on issues regarding the patients status, response to treatment, or toxicities that may be life threatening. It is prerequisite that the deem is capable to publish in effect her-(Be careful with gender bias, nurses come in both genders.) observations to the physician.Collaborative problems are detected from the nurses assessment of the patient. The nurses monitoring of the patient status is to evaluate physiological forks that may threaten the patients integrity. Management of collaborative problems will include implementing physician pres cribed and nurse prescribed actions to curtail escalation of the problem and preventing patient harm. From the nurses assessment, she also formulates a nursing diagnosis. The nursing diagnoses are stated in the form of the problem, the etiology and the symptoms that the nurse observes. nurse diagnosis can include a current or potential problem, an at risk problem, or a wellness diagnosis. Nursing diagnosis provides the framework from which the nurse begins to devise a plan of care and nursing interventions.In the teddy of JG, there were two collaborative problems identified. Twoproblems I collaborated with physician, these were1. JG is experiencing toxicity from the chemotherapy. There is potential for electrolyte imbalance, circulatory collapse.2. The necrotic area on his foot was a new development in his condition. There is potential complication for infectionThe collaborative problems discussed with JG physician and nurse quickly resolved. JG did not receive his chemotherapy. H e was given an guessing of sandostatin LR to help minimize his diarrhea a stat basic metabolic panel was obtained and he was given intravenous hydration with potassium. The doctor made a referral to JG podiatrist for the next day to assess the integrity of his left foot.Listed are four, but not all, possible nursing diagnosis obtained from my assessment.1. Diarrhea related to chemotherapy manifested by hyperactive bowel sounds and eight loose stools.2. Bowel incontinence related to loss of rectal sphincter control and chemotherapy manifested by fecal odor, fecal staining of clothing, urgency.3. Altered Nutrition related to colon cancer manifested by diarrhea, abdominal cramping.4.Ineffective management of therapeutic regimen related to JG lack of knowledge of his disease manifested by his inability and unwillingness to manage his symptoms.Considering JG comments regarding his finances, his overall physical appearance and the comments from his nephew, I decided to consult with the sociable worker. I tangle that a home visit or a thorough investigation of JG home situation was warranted.The social worker was able to arrange for in home support, and helping the patient with insurance issues so he could obtain the needed supplies. I did not think to enlist the participation of the dietician. In retrospect, the dietician would have been a valuable resource to assess JG caloric intake and recommendations for optimal nutrition.I felt that the preceding(prenominal) calamity demonstrated collaboration amongst health care providers. The physician in this case was receptive to the nurses observations with respect to her capabilities of accurate assessment of the patients condition and potential complications. This is not continuously the case, barriers to collaboration are also inherent in the health care industry. Barriers occur in patient situations where the physician is not sympathetic or does not trust the nurses evaluation of patient condition. The nurse may have feelings of inferiority, lack of confidence and does not appropriately collaborate with the physician make information.Conflicts in the goals desired for the patient is often cited as a barrier to collaboration. I recall an incident of a male patient diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. His appearance was that of an individual who had been in a national socialist concentration camp. The nurse wondered why the physician was treating this man aggressively. In her mind, this patient was not an appropriate scene to receive the particular treatment that was ordered. She feared the patient would not tolerate such an aggressive schedule and that it was blunt to put this poor man through treatment. The patient was diagnosed two years ago. He is still receiving treatments, he has gained weight and in October of last year he hiked to the summit of Mt. Whitney.Role passage of arms is another major(ip) barrier to collaboration. To deliver cost effective care, many institutions uti lize nurse practitioners and physician assistants. Role conflict arises when practitioners have opposing views or expectations (Blais, Hayes, Kozier, & Erb, 2002). Role conflict and can lead to litigation. According to Resnick, physicians hesitate to collaborate informally with Nurse Practitioners for fear of being held liable for the actions of the Nurse Practitioner (Resnick, 2004). Clear definition of rolesfor practitioners is essential to prevent misunderstanding.In conclusion, collaborative practice is the gold standard that health care practioners should strive towards. The nurse is central in determining the patient issues that warrant collaboration and she must be able to effectively communicate her observations. Collaborative practice minimizes complications that could lead to tragic outcomes. The ultimate goal of collaborative practice is to provide the quality service that each patient under our care deserves.ReferencesBlais, K.K., Hayes, J. S., Kozier, B. & Erb, G. (2002 ). Professional nursing practiceConcepts and perspectives (4th ed.). impudently Jersey Prentice Hall.Phillps, W.J., & Schaag, H.A. (1995). Persepctives for health and illness. In Phipps, W.J, Cassmeyer, V.L., Sands, J. E., Lehman, M.K(Eds.), Medical surgical nursing concepts and clinical practice, p. 19. St. Luis, MO Mosby.Resnick, B. (2004). restrict litigation risk through collaborative practice. Geriatric Times,5(4), 33. Retrieved March 21, 2004 from EBSCOhost database.

How important is it for the organization Essay

Of many of the problems that the boldnesss face these days, genius of the vital one is of employee dissatisfaction and lower motivation for work. Employees feel dejected and de be actived when their prefatory needs and requirements be non met those needs force include hygiene and motivating factors that involve the presence or absence of working conditions, salary, empowerment or authority, job status, social relationships, etc.Organizations need to develop such a homophile Resource plane section that effectively performs its activities by understanding the changing trends of the environment and so the employee needs and requirements. The decisive thing hither in this case is that the HR plane section essential scrutinize the productiveness level, motivation, direction, attitude, and overall performance of the employees towards their designate tasks and prosperity of the firm as a whole. HR managers emphasize on keeping the employees motivated, directed, and contented by a dapting to several measures some of which are explained as follows.First of all, the main responsibility of the Human Resource subdivision is to hire or recruit the employees at their very best, who have best available skills and abilities that would result in the provision of value to the organization. The process of hiring and recruiting plays a vital role in determining an employees productivity and efficiency. Many organizations use references to hire the applicants, but the clear-cut method establish on merit mustiness be adopted.Taking written test, arranging group discussions, and conducting interviews with different managers help the Human Resource department to effectively analyze an applicants potential and skills whether he should be hired or not. Second, the managers must consider an employee as a person and treat him with due respect offensive comments and remarks must not be passed bug out in order to avoid unwanted consequences. Mutual respect among the managers and employees must be maintained so that employees may feel that they are part of the organization.Third, many employees join the company with their basic motivation of salary therefrom the salary package must be handsome enough to organize the employee contented or even satisfied. Every human existence has some needs as mentioned by Maslow in his pyramid of needs that starts with physiological needs, and then follows safety and security needs, then social and devotion needs, esteem needs, and finally self-actualization. It should be understood at first hand by the managers or supervisors that employees are given enough time, resources, and opportunities to satisfy such basic needs such as, safety and security and physiological needs.Competitive benefits should be offered to the employees by analyzing the industry trends as in how much salary, benefits, or allowances are being paid by the competitors, and then the blend of competitive benefits should be offered. This may includ e providing compensation packages to the workers harmonise to their job design such as, low-level or assembly-line workers must be ensured enough security and medicinal allowances. Motivation can be categorized as the key to improved performance, and hence must be developed among the employees.This can be overcome by the managers by properly understanding their needs and wants and playing accordingly to fulfill them. Fourth, showing the chance of being promoted to the upper level definitely creates a brain of motivation among the workers. Often in many organizations, there comes the problem of glass ceiling where women and minorities are not give the chance to be promoted, hence this should not happen in order to keep the employees motivated. Fifth, Human Resource departments have a very significant responsibility of designing tasks, matching them with the employees, and assigning them.Employees, based on their skills and abilities, are assigned the tasks to work on and that suit s them the most. Avoiding monotonous jobs and assigning them with interesting and innovating tasks develops interest in doing work and keeps the workers directed. Sixth, managers must create a sense of Task Identity and Task Significance among the employees that is to what point their jobs are important for the company. Seventh, culture is an essential process carried on by the organizations to keep their employees skills and capabilities inline with the changing environment. some(prenominal) of training methods include hiring skilled expertise from various organizations or universities who train the employees for a limited limit of time moreover, organizations also send their employees abroad for training purposes as in to attend conferences or training sessions. Managers can arrange the workshops or lecture sessions within the organization for addressing the latest developments and challenges being occurred in the marketplace or industry. Eighth, timely, accurate, and effectiv e feedback must be provided by the managers to point out the strengths and weakness of the employees in their performance.And, involving the employees in the decision-making processes and empowering them by giving more authority to practice is also another wise strategy to motivate the employees. Often employees are not provided with accurate and corrective feedback such as they are not pointed out their negatives just because of avoiding unwanted atmosphere or relationships. Therefore, many managers and supervisors prefer providing feedback that is usually positive even if the employee has some negative points about his work or attitude.Another issue is of providing of feedback from supervisors with whom the employee has good relationships or who favors the employee in apiece and every aspect of work life. This results in overvaluation of an employee, hence giving him points more than actually he deserves. Therefore, in order to have an effective feedback program, human resource d epartments must ensure that they adapt the 360 detail feedback method, which involves the provision of feedback from various sources such as, managers, directors, supervisors, colleagues, and peers.This method is very effective since it confirms different sorts of feedback provided by different sources. Consequently, to conglomeration up the essay, we can say that the role of Human resource departments in almost every organization is like that of a brain in a human body. Since this is the era of globalization and immense competition, hence organizations are seeking to cut costs, save time, and be effective and efficient in carrying on their phone line activities.All the roles and responsibilities of the Human Resource department mentioned above do have significant importance because if they are performed effectively and wisely, they can result in saving huge amount of costs for the organization. Moreover, effective writ of execution of such measures and tactics can result in pro viding a company with great talent, expertise, working environment, noble sales, high profits, high growth, good reputation, and most of all, efficiency.